敦煌莫高窟微环境控制系统的设计

Micro environment control system of Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang

针对敦煌莫高窟洞窟内的微环境改变特别是温度、湿度以及二氧化碳浓度的变化对洞窟内的壁画、佛像等珍贵文物的保存具有重大影响的问题,提出了一套洞窟微环境控制系统。系统主要由自动分隔门和无线传输网路组成。自动门上安装了以数字信号处理器(DSP)为核心的控制器以及执行元件纱帘、密封帘、百叶等。系统通过调整百叶的旋转角度控制进入洞窟的风量和风速。当自然通风不能调整洞窟微环境的时候,采取了主动送风的方法以使洞窟内的温度、湿度保持恒定以及降低二氧化碳的浓度。无线传输网络由无线环境监测传感器、无线多功能网关、环境监测路由器、F5通信模块组成,实现了洞窟微环境数据的采集以及自动门的远程控制。实验结果表明,所设计的微环境控制系统对于调节微环境的温度、湿度以及二氧化碳的浓度具有一定的效果。

Aiming at micro environmental variation inside the cave of Mogao Grottoes include temperature,humidity and the concentration of carbon dioxide has significant influence to the preservation of cultural relics consist of murals,statues and so on,a set of micro environment control system were developed. The system mainly was composed of automatic partition doors and wireless transmission network. The controller based on the digital signal processor（DSP）as the core,sheer curtain,sealing curtain,shutter etc were installed on the door. By adjusting shutter＇s rotating angle,the air volume and wind speed into the cave were controlled. When the natural ventilation cannot adjust the cave micro environment,the method of active air supply makes temperature,humidity in the cave keep constant and decreases the concentration of carbon dioxide. Wireless transmission network consists of wireless environment monitoring sensor,wireless multi function gateway,router and F5 communication module,which realizes the cave micro environment data acquisition and auto door＇s remote control. The result of experiment shows that the micro environment control system has a certain effect on regulating the micro environmental temperature,humidity and the concentration of carbon dioxide.