考虑心理代价的灾民疏散及救灾物资分派问题研究

Post-disaster evacuation and relief resource distribution considering psychological costs

在灾后灾民疏散和救灾物资调运过程中,灾民的心理恐慌影响到整个救灾行动的开展。考虑灾民在受灾点等待疏散以及在安置点内等待救灾物资的两种心理代价对救灾工作的影响,以救灾经济成本和灾民心理惩罚成本最小化为目标,建立一个灾民疏散及救灾物资调运的混合整数规划模型,确定灾后短期内的物资供应地、灾民疏散和救灾物资的调运计划,并用一个具体的算例验证所提出的模型。结果表明,救灾行动中应该充分考虑灾民的恐慌心理。

In post-disaster relief operations,the panic psychology of victims may influence the whole relief operation. This paper considered the effects of psychological costs of victims when waited for evacuation from disaster sites and waited for relief resources in shelters to the relief operation,developed a mixed-integer linear programming model to select resource supply depots and produced plans for victim evacuation and resource distribution in the short-term following a disaster in a way that minimizes the economic cost of logistical operations and the psychological cost to victims. Experimental studies verify the proposed model,results show that the society should give full consideration to the victims panic psychology in the relief operation.