RDX基复合含能微球的制备及表征

Preparation and Properties of RDX-based Composite Energetic Microspheres

以硝化棉（NC）为粘结剂、黑索今（RDX）为主体炸药,采用喷雾干燥法制备了RDX/NC超细复合含能微球,采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、差示扫描量热法（DSC）对其进行了表征及热分析,并与RDX原料进行了对比;对喷雾干燥法细化的RDX/NC和RDX、水悬浮法包覆的RDX/NC、溶剂非溶剂法细化的RDX、RDX原料的撞击感度分别进行了测试。结果表明,RDX/NC复合含能粒子与RDX原料相比,形貌从块状变为球形,粒径从50~200μm减小至0.5~7μm,晶型无变化,但X射线衍射峰明显弱化,活化能从200.11kJ·mol-1降至186.87kJ·mol-1,热爆炸临界温度从504.98K升至507.70K。喷雾干燥细化、球形化和复合的RDX/NC球形粒子的撞击感度降低显著。

Using nitrocotton （NC） as a binder, RDX/NC ultrafine composite energetic microspheres were prepared by spray drying,and was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope （SEM）, X-ray diffraction （XRD） and Differential Scanning Calorimetry （DSC）. The impact sensitivity of several different samples, including raw RDX, RDX/NC and refined RDX obtained by spray drying, refined RDX obtained by solvent-nonsolvent and RDX/NC obtained by water suspension, were also measured. Results show that compared with raw RDX, the morphology of RDX/ NC composite energetic microspheres changes from block to spherical. The particle size changes from 50-200 μm to 0.5-7 μm. The crystal type is unchanged but the X-ray diffraction peaks weaken obviously. The activation energy decreases from 200.11 kJ·mol-1 to 186.87 kJ·mol-1, The critical temperature of thermal explosion increases from 504.98 K to 507.70 K. The sensitivity of RDX/NC and refine RDX prepared by spray drying decrease compared with that of raw RDX.