我国环境资源配置低效的制度分析

Analysis on the Inefficient Allocation of Environmental Resources in China

政策是制度的一个因素,而中国的环境政策实施了近20年,成效并不大,该文从环境资源的产权制度、政府行为及传统文化在环境资源配置中的阻碍作用三个方面进行了具体分析。认为在我国资源是社团产权的制度背景下,制定政策的主体——中央政府由于受发展阶段的制约而采取了粗放型增长方式,对环境保护的投资不够;而与此相关的执行主体——地方政府由于成为了一个具有独立经济利益的经济组织,所以在环境保护及治理方面均有地方保护主义倾向;传统文化中的封闭式家庭观念与一盘散沙的社会结构均对环境资源高效配置不利。

Policy is an institutional factor. Although environmental policies have been implemented for almost 20 years, the result is not sound. This paper provides a detailed analysis on three subjects, namely, the property right of environmental resources, government behavior and the obstruction of traditional culture upon environmental resources allocation. It is believed that in the institutional arrangement where resources are community property, decision maker, the central government that follows an extensive growth path owing to limitation of current development phase, and its investment in environmental protection is far from enough; while the implement body concerned,the local government, being an economic organization with independent economic interests, tends to have local protectionism in environmental protection and management. Moreover, the closed-end family notion in Chinese traditional culture and the decentralized social structure run against efficient allocation of environmental resources.