高校扩招改善了收入不平等吗?

Does Higher Education Expansion Improve Income Inequality?

高校扩招对城镇居民收入产生的变化与影响,是个需要深入研究的问题。在2002年和2008年中国居民收入项目(CHIP)数据的基础上,使用RIF分布分解法离析出高校扩招的禀赋效应与价格效应,基于RIF回归的实证研究结果表明:高校扩招的禀赋效应与价格效应都在一定程度上扩大了城镇居民收入不平等;城镇居民收入不平等扩大主要是由上侧分位数与下侧分位数之差拉大造成的;教育回报率与城镇居民收入在样本期内呈"马太效应"。

This paper uses 2002 and 2008 CHIP（ Chinese Household Income Project）survey data to study the effect of college expansion to urban residents’ income inequality. At first,we decompose college expansion’s effect into endowment effect and price effect implementing the RIF derivation. Secondly,we do an empirical test based on RIF method which show that the college expansion’s endowment effect and price effect enlarge urban residents’ income inequality to some extent. In addition,we compare the differences between the three income quantiles and the estimation results show that the enlargement of urban residents’ income inequali-ty primarily lies in the widening difference between the highest and the lowest quantile of income. What’s more,we also find there exists“Matthew effect”between urban residents’ income and their return of educa-tion.