敦煌《灸经图》足太阳经理论源流探析

Research on Source and Origin of Bladder Meridian of Foot-Taiyang Theory in Jiu Jing Tu from Dunhuang

通过系统梳理《足臂十一脉灸经》、《阴阳十一脉灸经》、《灵枢·经脉》、《针灸甲乙经》、敦煌《灸经图》等医学文献中关于足太阳经的记载,可以发现经络学说的形成与发展是一个长期不断总结经验的动态过程。敦煌医学文献《灸经图》关于足太阳经在背腰骶部后正中线旁开2.3寸的单条循行路线的记载可能是长期以来擅长灸法的医家通过其临床经验总结出的一套专属于"灸"所用的一种腧穴定位模式;此外,还可能有以重灸的方法来治疗疑难杂症(尤其以风寒邪气侵袭人体所导致的重病为主)的思想在内。

By systematically combing the records of Bladder Meridian of Foot-Taiyang from medical literatures of Zu Bi Shi Yi Mai Jiu Jing （Maxibustion Canon of Foot and Arm）, Yin Yang Shi Yi Mai Jiu Jing （Maxibustion Canon of Ying and Yang）, Ling Shu Jing Mai （Meridians, a chapter of Miraculous Pivot）, Zhen Jiu Jia Yi Jing （A-B Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion）, Jiu Jing Tu （Illustration of Moxibustion） from Dunhuang, it can be found that the formation and development of theory of main and collateral channels is a long-term dynamic process containing constantly summing up the experiences. The record about only the 2.3 inch one-line loop route carved out beside the posterior midline of dorsal lumbosacral portion by Bladder Meridian Foot-Taiyang may be a positioning mode of acupoint exclusively used by moxibustion and summed up by people good at moxibustion therapy using their clinical experience. In addition, thoughts that the heavy-moxibustion is a good method for difficult miscellaneous diseases （especially for the serious illnesses after attacked by wind and cold pathogens） may be included.