慈溪市2004至2013年儿童青少年死因分析和减寿评估

Analysis and evaluation on the causes of deaths and PYLL among adolescents in Cixi City from 2004 to 2013

目的 了解慈溪市2004至2013年5～19岁儿童青少年死亡情况，为制定防治对策和有效于预措施提供依据。方法 用死亡率、死因构成、潜在减寿年数（PYLL）、潜在减寿率（PYLL‰）、标化减寿年数（SPYLL）、标化减寿率（SPYLL％o）等健康测量指标对慈溪市10年间的死亡报表进行分析。结果慈溪市儿童青少年死亡率为25．56／10万，标化死亡率为25．26／10万，男性死亡率（33．20／10万）高于女性（17．91／10万）（X^2=38．90，P〈0．05），损伤中毒（13．77／10万）和肿瘤（5．78／10万）是危害儿童青少年的最主要的死因，占全死因死亡的76．46％。儿童青少年全死因的PYLL为24624人年，SPYLL为37417．02人年，PYLL％是2．59‰，SPYLL‰为3．91‰。结论 损伤和中毒、肿瘤已经成为慈溪市儿童青少年健康的重要威胁，政府相关部门应采取有力措施促进儿童青少年身心健康。

Objective To understand the causes of death in children and adolescents at 5- 19 years of age from 2004 to 2013 in Cixi City. Method According to data of diseases surveillance in Cixi City during the 10 years, tile health indexes of mortality, potential years of life lost （PYLL）, potential years of life lost rate （PYLL‰）, standardized potential years of life lost （SPYLL）, standardized potential years of life lost rate （SPYLL‰） were applied to analyze the causes of death and evaluate the burdens of mortality. Result The total mortality of the children and adolescents was 25.56/105, and standardized mortality was 25.26/105. Boys had higher mortality （33.20/105） than girls （17.91/105）, and there was statistical significance in the prevalence between male and female. Death of injury ＆ poisoning （13.77/105） and tumors （5.78/105） respectively ranked at the first two leading causes, accounting for 76.46% of total deaths. PYLL was 24 624 years, standardized PYLL was 37 417.02 years, and the rate of PYLL was 2.59‰. Conclusion Injury, poisoning and tumors were the major risk factors among children and adolescents aged 5-19 years in Cixi City. Therefore, effective measures should be taken to strengthen the preventive force and promote the development of comprehensive mental and physical pediatric care.