淋巴结核患者的超声诊断研究

Study of ultrasonography for patients with scrofula

目的了解淋巴结核患者颈部淋巴结核病灶的分布区域及构成比,分析颈部淋巴结核彩色多普勒超声声像特征,提高彩色多普勒超声诊断淋巴结核的水平。方法回顾性分析医院2011年5月-2014年5月经临床手术证实为颈部淋巴结核的64例患者临床资料,总结颈部淋巴结核病灶分布及构成比,以及其彩色多普勒超声声像图特征。结果 64例颈部淋巴结核患者中57例为单侧分布占89.1%,包括左颈28例和右颈29例;7例为双侧分布占10.9%;病灶分布于颌下区71个、锁骨上区39个和双侧乳突下28个,超声声像图显示病灶为散在、串珠样或融合成团,无规则,主要表现为低回声、无回声或混合回声,结节内血流信号减少。结论淋巴结核不同病理时期,其超声声像图随之改变,应对声像图特点、临床特点和病理分型进行综合分析,从而准确运用超声声像特征对颈部淋巴结核进行正确诊断。

OBJECTIVE To understand distributional regions and constituent ratios of neck scrofula lesions and observe the characteristics of color Doppler ultrasonography for the neck scrofula so as to improve the level of color Doppler ultrasonography in diagnosis of scrofula.METHODS From May 2011 to May 2014,the clinical data of 64 patients with confirmed neck scrofula were retrospectively analyzed,the distributional regions and constituent ratios of the neck scrofula were observed,and the characteristics of the color Doppler ultrasonographic images were analyzed.RESULTS Of the 64 patients with neck scrofula,57（89.1%）had the unilateral distribution,including28 cases of left neck distribution and 29 cases of right neck distribution,and 7（10.9%）had the bilateral distribution.There were 71 lesions in submandibular area,39 lesions in supraclavicular area,and 28 lesions in lower bilateral mastoid.The ultrasound images showed that the lesions were scattered,beaded,confertus,and irregular;the major finding include the low echo,no echo,mixed echo,and decreased blood flow signals in nodules.CONCLUSIONThe ultrasound images change with the pathological periods of scrofula.It is an effective to conduct comprehensive analysis of the characteristics of the ultrasound images,clinical characteristics,and pathological typing so as to make an accurate diagnosis of the neck scrofula.