玉米秸秆粉体/聚乙烯复合材料的制备及性能

Preparation and Properties of Corn Stalk Fiber-High Density Polyethylene Composites

研究利用玉米秸秆粉体作为增强材料与聚乙烯(PE)通过挤出成型制备玉米秸秆粉体/PE复合材料的可行性,并考查了玉米秸秆粉体添加量及其尺寸对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:随玉米秸秆粉体添加量的增加,玉米秸秆粉体/PE复合材料的拉伸强度、拉伸模量呈先升后降趋势,弯曲模量逐渐增大,冲击强度则逐渐减小;当玉米秸秆粉体添加量为50%时,复合材料的综合力学性能最佳。此外,玉米秸秆粉体/PE复合材料的力学性能随玉米秸秆粉体长径比的增大而增强;在考查范围内,添加40目<h(粒径)≤60目玉米秸秆粉体复合材料的力学性能最好。电镜结果显示添加20目<h≤40目玉米秸秆粉体/PE复合材料粉体在基体中分布不均,断面形貌最差,而添加40目<h≤60目玉米秸秆粉体复合材料的断面形貌最佳。

We studied the feasibility of corn stalk fibers as the reinforcement of corn stalk fiber（ CSF）-polyethylene（ PE） composites,and investigated the effects of fiber addition and fiber size on mechanical properties of resultant composites. The tensile strength and tensile modulus presented a trend of first increase and then decrease. The flexural modulus increased slightly with the increasing of CSF application content,while the impact strength decreased obviously. The comprehensive mechanical property of CSF-PE composites reached the best level at CSF content of 50%. With the increasing of aspect ratio of CSF,the mechanical performance of resultant composites was enhanced. The composites had the best mechanical strength when the aspect ratio of corn stalk fiber was 40-60 mesh. By the scanning electron microscopy,the composites containing 20-40 mesh corn stalk fiber had the worst fracture morphology due to non-uniform fiber distribution,while the fracture surface of composites made of 40-60 mesh corn stalk fiber was the best.