适配体在毒品毒物分析中的应用

Application of Aptamers in Forensic Toxicology

适配体是体外合成的能与蛋白质、其他小分子物质、有机离子等等各种配体特异结合单链DNA/RNA,是由SELEX(体外指数富集配体系统进化技术)技术筛选得到,适配体具有对靶标的高特异性和亲和性、合适的化学稳定性、无免疫原性和毒副作用的优点。利用适配体的这些优越性是得适配体可以作为生物识别分子元件应用于传感器及分析试纸中,进而可以快速高效的检测毒物毒品。为了大大提高办案的效率,为维护法治、打击犯罪提供更好的技术支持,通过介绍了一种基于适配体(aptamer)为识别元件的高选择、高灵敏、快速的毒物毒品检验方法。

Aptamers are synthetic single stranded RNA or DNA molecules capable of specifically binding to other target molecules. Aptamers are commonly performed by the SELEX （systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment） process. They are of high specificity and affinity to targets, chemical stable, non-immunogenic and have no side effects. With these advantages, aptamers can be applied in sensors and strips as recognition entities to achieve the rapid detection of drugs and toxicants. A highly sensitive, specific and rapid method based on aptamers for the detection of drugs and toxicants is introduced in this paper.