民族国家与民主国家辨析——兼与叶麒麟博士商榷

The Discrimination of National State and Democratic Country——Concurrently Deliberate with Ye Qi-lin Doctor

民族国家是近代以来最基本的国际政治行为主体,有学者将民族国家和民主国家作为现代国家的两个特性,并以此为框架分析近代以来中国政治发展。本文认为民族国家本身就是一种独立的现代国家形式,将其作为现代国家的特性稍有不妥。同时,这种简单认定忽视了民族国家与民主国家划分标准的差异以及内在关联,在给民族国家"瘦身"。事实上即使在全球化的今天,民族国家仍然显示出巨大的解释力和活力,二者是并非并列或互补关系,而是包含关系,民族国家是民主国家建立的基础,民族国家构建目标包含民主国家所承载的使命,将民主制度建设视为民族国家发展的一个阶段更符合逻辑,也更符合实际。对政权合法性的追求也是民族国家建构的目标之一。

The modern national state is the basic subject of international political behavior.Some scholars take national state and democracy as two characteristics of the modern state,and as a framework for analysis of China＇s political development in modern times.This paper argues that the national state itself is a form independent of the modern state,which is slightly wrong as the characteristics of the modern state.At the same time,the simple division neglects inherent differences of criteria for the classification and association.In fact,Age of Globalization,the national state still shows great explanatory power and vitality.They are not parallel or complementary relationship,but containing relations.national state is the basis for the establishment of a democratic country,and national state building objectives includes democratic country mission.Democratic system as a stage of national state building is more logical and more realistic.The legitimacy of the regime is one of the goals to pursue construction of the national state.