从生态美学的“参与审美”看梭罗自然观对爱默生自然观的超越——以《瓦尔登湖》与《论自然》为文本依据

Thoreau's Nature Idea Transcending over Emerson's from the Angle of“Participation Aesthetics”of Ecological Aesthetics:Taking“Walden”and“Nature”as the Text Bases

梭罗与爱默生均以"自然书写"为世人所熟知,但在长期共同的超验主义理论话语规制下,两者"自然"观的差异混泯不清,因而在生态美学研究日盛的当下,关于两者"自然书写"的生态价值的品量也显得模糊不清。其实,以生态美学的"参与审美"为切入视角,可以看到梭罗的"自然书写"超越于爱默生之处,梭罗的自然观与爱默生自然观念的巨大差异也彰显无遗。更为重要的是,这种超越与差异,对当下人类面临的生态问题的解决有着深刻启示。

Thoreau and Emerson are well-known for＂nature writing＂.But within the long-term common transcendental theoretical discourse constraints,the differences between them on the ＂natural＂concept are not clear.Thus at present when the study on ecological aesthetics is becoming increasingly popular,ecological value of both ＂nature writing＂is also blurry.Actually,from the perspective＂participation aesthetics＂in ecological aesthetics,Thoreau＇s ＂nature writing＂transcends over Emerson＇s with the great differences shown between their ideas of nature.More importantly,this kind of transcendence and difference has a profound inspiration in solving the ecological problems confronted by mankind today.