福建漳江口水域表层水、沉积物及水生生物中三氯杀螨醇的残留研究

The residues of dicofol in the surface waters, sediments and aquatic organisms from Zhangjiang River Estuary of Fujian

利用气相色谱（GC-ECD）法测定了漳江口水域表层水、沉积物及水生生物中三氯杀螨醇（DCF）的残留量,并对其残留水平、来源和分布、食用安全及人体健康风险等方面进行了探讨与分析。结果表明,漳江口表层水中DCF的含量范围为未检出-13.5 ng·L^-1,检出率为4.8%;表层沉积物（以干重计）中DCF的含量范围为未检出-2.49 ng·g^-1,检出率为28.6%;11种水生生物中DCF的含量范围为未检出-7.06 ng·g^-1,检出率为38.1%。漳江口表层水和沉积物中DCF的分布趋势基本一致,D8站（江心岛）附近为DCF残留高值区,这与当地农民施用DCF防治螨害有关,而且因DCF的使用造成D8站成为DCF型DDT污染。水生植物中DCF残留较低,水产品（鱼类、虾类和贝类）中的DCF残留较高,但低于欧盟、美国、日本的食品安全限量;参考国家食品安全标准规定的DCF每日容许摄入量（ADI）估算得出的DCF接触风险指数（ERI）远小1,表明漳江口水域水产品消费引起的DCF接触风险为可接受风险。

The residues of dicofol （DCF） in the waters, sediments and aquatic organisms from Zhangjiang River Estuary were carried out by using GC - ECD. The residues levels, distribution patterns and possible sources of dicofol, as well as the risk to human health were also evaluated and discussed. The results showed that the concentrations of dicofol in surface layer waters ranged from ND （ not detected） to 13.5ng ·L^-1 , with a detection rate of 4. 8% ; concentrations of dicofol in surface sediments （dry weight） ranged from ND to 2. 49 ng·g^-1, with a detection rate of 28.6% ; concentrations of dicofol in 11 species of aquatic organisms ranged from ND to 7.06 ng ·g^-1, with a detection rate of 38.1%. The distribution tendency of dicofol in surface waters and sediments from Zhangjiang Estuary were almost the same. The higher value of dicofol at D8 station both in the waters and sediments suggested that it might be related to the recent usage of dicofol to control mites by local farmers because the usage of dicofol caused new DDTs inputs at D8 station. Among 11 kinds of aquatic organisms, dicofol residues in hydrophyte were the lowest, while the residues in aquatic products （ fish, shrimp and shellfish） were relatively higher, but its residues level was still below the MRL （maximum residual limits） published by the European Community, USA and Japan. The risk of dicofol to human health was assessed according to ADI （acceptable daily intake） set by the national food safety standard. The MRL of dicofol based on ADI was much less than 1, which indicated that ERI （expose risk index） from the exposure to dicofol due to the consumption of aquatic products in Zhangjiang River Estuary waters was within acceptable ranges.