超声粒子图像测速技术检测心腔内涡流的研究进展

Research progression of intracardiac vortex flow by echocardiography using particle image velocimetry

心腔内的血流模式是一个很敏感的指标,在心脏结构和功能发生改变的同时就会受到即刻影响,从而为心血管生理学的理解以及发展超早期诊断工具提供了新视野。这一新型血流显像技术在超声心动图中的引入使临床显像和分析心腔内涡流成为了可能,笔者回顾了目前已发表的数个物理实验、动物模型以及临床研究,就超声粒子图像测速技术的原理、可行性、优化以及临床应用进行了分析,粒子图像测速技术虽然是一种前景广阔的技术,但临床应用还需更进一步的研究,以探索在不同病理条件下合适的涡流影像参数,以及对正常和异常环境下血流相关生理学的鉴定、检测和解释,为各种心血管疾病的早期诊断、治疗和预后提供新的依据。

Blood flow mode in the heart cavity is a very sensitive indicator, it can be affected immediately at the same time of the change of structure and function for cardiac. Therefore, analyzing the blood flow dynamics opens up new perspectives for the understanding of cardiovascular physiology and for developing very early diagnostic tools. Recent technological innovations in imaging modalities and the emergence of echo-particle image velocimetry（echo-PIV） have provided valuable opportunities for direct in vivo assessment of multidirectional blood flow. Hence, the potentials and pitfalls of echo-PIV for blood flow visualization are reviewed, with an emphasis on acquisition, feasibility, optimization and clinic application of this technique. Although the echo-PIV technique seems to be a promising approach, the clinical utility still requires further studies. The identification, verification, and interpretation of flow-related physiology in normal and abnormal states may provide additional/incremental insights into a range of cardiovascular diseases. With advances in imaging, the time is perhaps ripe for further research into the diagnostic and prognostic impact of intracardiac and vascular flow structure.