道义、灾荒、民变——长沙抢米风潮新探

Morality and Justice,Famine,Mass Uprising——New Exploration of Rice Riots in Changsha

道义、灾荒、民变等"合力"共同催生了作为辛亥革命前奏之一的1910年长沙抢米风潮,并很快由长沙波及至全省,甚至是临近的省份。此次民变发生的"多元合力"主要有二,即"内在理路"与"外缘影响",其中:"内在理路",是指"道义"(斯科特语)和焦虑、怨恨等情绪;"外缘影响",即指湖南连续的"天灾人祸"。在二者的共同参与和催化下,饥民放弃以往的"低姿态"斗争方式,而采取"前台"形式的斗争,催生了湘省民变。此次民变,是对晚清社会控制的一次检阅,亦为后来的社会安全问题提供了"以史为鉴"的教材。

The ＂force＂ of morality, famine, civil commotion and so on gave birth to Changsha rice riots in 1910 as one of the preludes of Xin Hai Revolution, and soon spread to Changsha province, and even neighboring provinces. The ＂multivariate force＂ which the mass uprising occurred mainly had two, namely the ＂internal orderliness＂ and ＂edge effect＂, the ＂internal orderliness＂ ~ refered to the ＂morality＂ （Scott language） and anxiety~ resentment and so on; the ＂edge influence＂, refered to continuous ＂natural calamities and man-made misfortunes＂ in Hunan. In the two participation and catalysis, hungry people abandoned past ＂low profile＂ struggle way, and took the struggle of ＂reception form＂, gave birth to the uprising in Hunan province. This uprising was a review of the society control of the late Qing Dynasty, provided the ＂history＂ teaching for social security problems later.