肿瘤患者PICC健康教育知识知晓状况及其影响因素分析

The status of awareness of PICC- related knowledge of cancer patients and analysis of the influencing factors

目的:了解中山大学肿瘤医院门诊和住院PICC置管患者对PICC健康教育知识的知晓状况,分析其影响因素,为制定有效的PICC置管肿瘤患者的健康教育措施提供参考依据。方法:采用便利抽样的方法分别从门诊部和住院部PICC置管患者中抽取130例、120例作为研究样本;应用自行设计的PICC知识测评表评估肿瘤患者PICC健康教育知晓状况。结果:调查对象知晓度较低(66.32%),得分仅为(22.41±0.365)分;正确率较高的是"留置PICC可以减少反复穿刺的痛苦"(门诊88.5%、住院98.0%);正确率最低的是"用PICC管输液时只要固定良好,可以随意活动"(门诊36.9%、住院43.9%);多因素分析显示住院PICC置管健康教育知识知晓度比门诊高(OR值分别为2.917和1.38),导管留置时间长(OR值分别为1.454和1.986)。住院患者、导管留置时间长者,知晓率较高。结论:目前肿瘤患者PICC健康教育知识知晓的状况不容乐观,应该加强门诊患者健康教育知识宣教力度;尤其应加强置管后运动方面的知识宣传;制定统一的PICC健康教育处方;提高患者对导管自我照护依从性,发挥患者的主观能动性;多渠道宣传PICC健康教育知识。

Objective： To investigate the status of awareness of PICC- related knowledge of hospitalized cancer patients and outpatients and analyze its influencing factors in order to provide reference for taking effective measures in health education. Methods： 130 outpatients with caner and 120 hospitalized cancer patients were taken as the object of study. The self- designed evaluation form of PICC- related knowledge was used to evaluate the patients＇ awareness of the knowledge. Results： The survey showed the patients＇ awareness of the knowledge was low（ 66. 32%） and the scores were 22. 41 ± 0. 365 points; the multivariate analysis showed that the awareness of the hospitalized patients was better than the outpatients（ OR = 2. 917 and 1. 38） and better in the patients with indwelling catheter a little longer（ OR = 1.454 and 1. 986）. Conclusion： The status of awareness of PICC- related knowledge of cancer patients is not optimistic and we should strengthen the health education in outpatient department to improve the self- care compliance of the patients.