健康素养对某高校部分劳动力人口基本公共卫生服务利用的影响研究

Effect of health literacy on utilization of basic public health services among workers in a university

目的：了解高校35岁及以上劳动力人口健康素养和基本公共卫生服务利用情况，探索健康素养对劳动力人口利用基本公共卫生服务的影响。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法，对35～64岁劳动力人口以每10岁为一组进行分组。利用 SPSS 19．0进行数据清理和分析，采用χ2检验、方差分析、Logistic 回归进行影响因素的单因素和多因素分析。结果695名调查对象中，男性281例，占40．4％；女性398例，占57．3％；16例数据缺失，占2．3％。调查对象健康素养总体水平为29．2％。有无慢性病（P ＜0．001）、文化程度（P ＜0．001）、年龄（P ＜0．001）、职业（P ＜0．001）、性别（P ＝0．004）、婚姻状况（P ＝0．006）对健康素养均分的影响具有统计学意义。健康素养水平高低影响劳动力人口对基本公共卫生服务的利用。健康素养水平高的人群更倾向于利用基本公共卫生服务项目，在家庭医生式服务签约（P ＝0．002）、利用社区健康教育方面差异有统计学意义（P ＜0．001）。结论应加强劳动力人口的健康教育，提高健康素养，从而提高劳动力人口对基本公共卫生服务的利用和人群健康状况。

Objective To understand health literacy distribution among workers and utilization of basic public health services in a university,and explore the effect of health literacy on public health service utilization of workers.Methods A method of stratified random sampling was used,and workers aged 35 -64 years old were divided into 3 groups every 10 years based on their age.Data were cleaned and analyzed using SPSS 19.0,the Chi-square test,analysis of variance,and logistic regression were used in univariate and multivariate analysis.Results Among 695 respondents,40.4% （281）were men, 57.3% （398）were women,2.3% （16）were missing data.The overall level of health literacy is 29.2%.There were six sta-tistically significant factors：chronic disease （P 〈0.001）,age （P 〈0.001）,occupation （P 〈0.001）,education （P 〈0.001）,gender （P =0.004）,and marital （P =0.006）.The level of health literacy affected public health service utilization of workers.Those workers with good health literacy tended to use more items of basic public health services.There were statisti-cally significant differences in family doctor-service contract （P =0.002）and use of health education in community （P 〈0.001）.Conclusion It should be helpful to strengthen health education for workers,and to improve their health literacy sta-tus so that to improve their utilization of basic public health services and health status.