不同施肥方式对合肥郊区土壤阴离子变异影响研究

Effect of Different Fertilizing Methods on Soil Anion Variation in Hefei Suburbs

针对合肥郊区葡萄园及蔬菜园土壤施肥量高、潜在污染大的特点,本文研究了几种施肥方式对土壤阴离子变异的影响,分析了p H值、电导率以及阴离子变化特征及其原因。三年连续调查的结果表明,园区土壤施肥可引入大量阴离子,其中,Cl^-、NO3^-、SO4^2-和PO4^3-等土壤中常见的阴离子积累明显,总量增加高达1~14倍;两块试验区土壤电导率均呈升高趋势,最高可升至370μS/cm,比较而言,常规施肥区上升幅度远大于配方施肥区;p H则呈下降趋势,常规施肥区（葡萄园下降0.21个单位,蔬菜园下降0.28个单位）下降幅度大于配方施肥区（葡萄园和蔬菜园均下降0.15个单位）。此结果证实按照常规模式长期施肥,易导致园区土壤盐分积累。

The study is based on the characteristics of high amount of fertilizer application and severity of potential contamination in vineyards and vegetable region in Hefei suburb. The effect of different fertilizing methods on the anion variation in soil was investigated,and the varied feature and possible reason of p H value,electrical conductivity and anion variety in tested soil were analyzed. The result indicated that fertilization can bring a lot of anions into the region soil according to the data of uninterrupted three years investigation,in which the accumulation of the common anions such as Cl^-,NO3^-,SO4^2-and PO4^3-was obvious,the totally increased amount coming to 1- 14 times. The soil electrical conductivity tended to increase in the two experimental regions,which attained to 370μS / cm for the highest area. Comparatively,increasing amplitude in conventional fertilization region was higher than that in the equilibrium fertilizations. As for p H value,it tended to decrease,however,decreasing amplitude for the conventional fertilization region（ down by 0. 21 units for the vineyard,and 0. 28 units for the vegetable region） was greater than that for equilibrium fertilizations（ down by 0. 15 units for both regions）.The investigation result showed that it was prone to accumulation for salinity in vineyards and vegetable region soils,if long- term fertilization follows conventional model.