基于高温人体热反应模型的生理参数预测

Prediction of human physiological responses by a thermal response model in hot environments

为有效评估人员在高温环境的安全性,建立人体热反应模型模拟高温环境人体皮肤温度、核心温度等生理参数。计算人体-服装-环境之间的热交换,并考虑高温对人体代谢产热、血流量、换热系数的影响,建立适用于高温环境的人体热反应模型。通过人体实验测量值及Fiala模型模拟值验证所建模型的有效性,验证结果表明高温人体热反应模型和实验结果吻合得很好。在48℃环境中所建立模型模拟平均皮肤温度值与实验测量值最大差值小于0.3℃,而Fiala模型与测量值最大差值接近1℃。所建立的模型可用于高温环境人体皮肤温度和核心温度等生理参数预测,为公共安全领域的应急救援、人员安全性评估、防护服研发等提供参考。

A thermal model is used to simulate human physiological parameters, such as the skin and core temperatures, to assess hu- man safety in hot environments. The model includes heat transfer between the body, the clothing, and the environment, and the effect of temperature on the metabolism, blood flow, and heat transfer co- efficient. Subject tests and the Fiala model are used to validate the model. The results show that the present model can accurately pre- dict the human physiological responses. For an extreme environment of 48℃, the differences between the predicted and measured mean skin temperatures are less than 0.3℃, while those of the Fiala mod- el are approximately 1℃. Thus, the present model can be used to predict human physiological responses in hot environments as a foun- dation for emergency rescues, human safety assessments, and the design of personal protective clothing.