超高压与特高压输电线路外绝缘污闪研究现状

Research Status of External Insulation Pollution Flashover for EHV/UHV Transmission Lines

绝缘子污秽闪络是我国发展超、特高压输变电工程所面临的瓶颈问题之一。经验法、污区法和人工污秽试验法是目前绝缘子选型设计的主要方法,但随着电压等级的提高,直流与交流电压的积污比不同等因素,这些方法都不能完全满足绝缘子外绝缘设计需要。人工污秽试验虽可在短时间内获得大量数据,但污闪电压偏低;自然积污试验站电压远远低于工程实际运行电压,无法获得真实积污数据。分析认为开发在线监测技术,实现真实工程状态下污闪与绝缘子材料、型式、环境和污秽累积过程的动态联系,建立实验室模拟实验与真实污闪之间的关系,为防污闪设计选型提供可靠依据,满足电网运行的可靠性与经济性,是当前发展特高压防污闪的主要研究方向。

The pollution flashover of insulator is a main bottleneck problem for developing the EHV and UHV power transmission project.The main designing methods contain using past experience,choosing type and size of insulation based on site pollution severity and artificial pollution test.However these methods are not completely satisfied for external insulator designing as increasing of voltage level,nonuniform pollution ratio under AC/DC voltage and so on.It can be obtained large amounts of data by artificial pollution test,but the flashover voltage result is lower than natural contamination test.It cannot be obtained the real contaminants data by testing stations due to its voltage is far below actual operating voltage.It is suggested that reinforce the on-line monitor pollution dynamic relation among the insulator material,type,environment and so on in order to building the relation between the laboratory simulation and actual pollution flashover voltage.This will provide a reliable basis for anti-pollution flashover,satisfying the reliability and economy of power system.It is proposed for main research directions of future UHV anti-pollution flashover development.