实施以问题为基础学习教学方法培养医学生医患沟通技能的研究

The research in implementing problem-based learning approaches in developing medical student skills in doctor-patient relationships

目的 研究实施以问题为基础学习（problem-based learning,PBL）教学方法培养医学生医患沟通技能的可行性和教学效果.方法 以中国医科大学2008级（94期）七年制临床医学专业68名学生为研究对象,按照学号分为实验组和对照组,每组34人.实验组采用以问题为基础学习教学方法进行教学,对照组采用传统讲授方法.授课结束后采用医患沟通技能测量工具SEGUE量表调查医学生医患沟通技能.用SPSS11.0统计软件处理所有数据.结果 对照组和实验组学生的总评分分别为（15.1±2.30）分和（17.7±2.73）分,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.两组学生在信息收集（P＜0.01）、信息给予（P＜0.05）和理解病人（P＜0.05）3个维度的差异具有统计学意义.两组学生在沟通内容项（P＜0.01）和沟通技巧项（P＜0.05）两个方面的差异均具有统计学意义.结论 通过实施以问题为基础学习教学方法培养医学生的医患沟通技能是行之有效的。

Objective To discuss the feasibility and effect of problem-based learning （PBL） on communication skills.Methods A total of 68 students were assigned to the control group （n =34） and experimental group （n =34） by student number.The students in control group were taught with traditional lecture-based learning,while the students in experimental group were taught with PBL method.The SEGUE Frame-work was used to evaluate the communication skills.SPSS 11.5 software was used for statistical analysis.Results The total SEGUE Frame-work score of the control group was 15.1±2.30,and that of the experimental group was 17.7±2.73,the score of experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group （P 〈 0.01）.The difference of the control group and the experimental group in Elicit Information （P〈0.01）,Give Information （P〈0.05）,Understand the Patient＇s Perspective （P〈0.05） was significantly in statistics.The difference of the control group and the experimental group in content items （P〈0.01） and skill items （P〈0.01） was also significantly in statistics.Conclusion Problembased learning is effective in the training of communication skills.