“小科学”数据共享与机构数据仓储

Data Sharing and Institutional Data Repository for Small Science

"小科学"是相对"大科学"而言,主要特征是单个或少数几个研究者进行的假设驱动的小规模的科学研究,是十分普遍的研究活动。小科学的研究者跨越多个学科领域,产生不同形式的高价值数据,预计比大科学领域产生的数据还要多,这对数据的管理和共享带来挑战。本文介绍小科学数据特征、数据管理实践的学科差异及共享需求,遴选了爱丁堡、哈佛、普渡、耶鲁、曼彻斯特、牛津六个具有代表性的大学数据仓储,通过分析这些数据仓储的数据共享案例、问题与挑战,为我国开展科学数据管理提供机构合作、技术、标准、用户支持服务、数据教育方面的参考。

Comparing to Big Science,the main feature of Small Science is the small scale scientific research that is conducted by a single or a few researchers with hypotheses driven,and this is very common in science activities.It is a big challenge for data management and data sharing,since the small science researchers are cross muti-disciplines and can produce a large amount of data with different types,which may even exceed that in big science.This paper introduces the data characters,the disciplinary differences in data management practices and the needs of data sharing for small science,analyzes the data sharing practices,problems and challenges with the data repository cases in universities of Edinburgh,Harvard,Purdue,Yale,Manchester and Oxford.Thses may provide practical experiences of cooperation,technology,standards,user support and data literacy for data management in China.