体育锻炼与大学生健康生活方式现状分析

Analysis of physical exercise and college students' healthy lifestyle

目的了解体育锻炼与大学生健康生活方式的现状,分析锻炼频率和锻炼持续时间对大学生健康生活方式的影响。方法运用问卷调查法于2013年3—4月对大连海事大学400名大学生进行调查,采用多因素方差分析法对结果进行分析。结果大学生每周参加课外体育锻炼频率偏低,每周参加4次以上体育锻炼的人数偏少(18.4%),甚至有相当一部分群体不参加体育锻炼(13.2%);大学生每次锻炼持续时间偏短,有大约1/3学生的锻炼时间不超过30 min(32.5%);锻炼频率为每周"从不参加"和"参加2次"、"参加3次"、"参加4次以上"大学生健康生活方式总分差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05),均值差值分别为-7.3548、-12.7018和-14.5305;锻炼持续时间为每次"小于30 min"和"大于1 h"大学生健康生活方式总分差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),均值差值为-6.5986;专业、锻炼频率对大学生健康生活方式具有主效应(F=8.028,P<0.05;F=2.920,P<0.05);专业和锻炼频率对生命欣赏行为具有交互效应(F=2.105,P<0.05)。结论锻炼频率和锻炼持续时间的增加对大学生健康生活方式的培养具有促进作用。

Objective To explore the status of physical exercise and college students＇ healthy lifestyle, and ana- lyze the influence of exercise frequency and exercise duration on college students＇ healthy lifestyle. Methods A survey on college students＇ healthy lifestyle was completed in 400 students of dalian maritime university in march 2013, use multiple factor variance analysis to analyze the result. Results College students seldom participate in exercise every week, 18.4% students take exercise more than 4 times per week, 13.2% students never take exercise; and 32.5% college students＇ exercise duration lower than 30 minutes; the result of exercise frequency shows that ＂never participate in exercise per week＂ on total score of healthy lifestyle has significant difference to compare with ＂participate in exercise 2 times per week＂, ＂participate in exercise 3 times per week＂, ＂participate in exercise more than 4 times per week＂ （P 〈 0.05 ） , mean difference are - 7. 3548, - 12. 7018, - 14. 5305 ; the result of exercise duration shows that ＂within 30 minutes＂ on total score of healthy lifestyle has significant difference to compare with ＂more than 1 hour＂ （P 〈 0. 05 ）, mean difference is - 6. 5986 ; major and exercise frequency existed significant main effects on healthy lifestyle for college students （ F = 8.028, P 〈 0. 05 ; F = 2. 920, P 〈 0. 05 ） ; there are significant interaction effects for major and exercise frequency on life appreciate behavior （ F = 2. 105, P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion The increasing of exercise frequency and duration are beneficial to cultivate healthy lifestyle for college students.