浙江省台州市成人慢性病行为危险因素调查

Investigation on behavioral risk factors for chronic diseases among adults in Taizhou City,Zhejiang Province

目的了解台州市成人慢性病相关行为危险因素的分布和发生水平,为制定有针对性的综合干预措施提供依据。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法抽取30个社区751名15~69岁当地户口居民进行问卷调查。结果调查人群超重率、肥胖率分别为24.0%和6.5%,男、女性超重肥胖率分别为31.1%和30.0%;吸烟率为26.8%（标化吸烟率18.8%）,男性为52.3%,女性为1.3%,男性高于女性（χ^2=248.522,P=0.000）。被动吸烟率为46.0%,女性（50.9%）高于男性（35.8%）。饮酒率为31.4%,男性为52.0%,女性为10.9%,男性高于女性（χ^2=147.141,P=0.000）。规律锻炼率为15.4%、高脂饮食率为18.1%、高盐饮食率为21.6%;自报高血压、高血脂和糖尿病的患病率分别为16.2%、7.6%和5.6%,高血压、高血脂、糖尿病健康知识的知晓率不高。结论台州市居民中普遍存在吸烟、被动吸烟、不合理膳食、超重肥胖、缺少体育运动等行为危险因素,应积极采取相应的行为干预措施,以降低慢性病发病率。

Objective To understand the distribution and prevalence of major behavioural risk factors in NCDs among adults in Taizhou,and provide evidence for implementation of integrated intervention measures. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 751 residents who were aged 15- 69 years from 30 communities through a multi-stage cluster sampling method. Results The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 24. 0% and 6. 5%,respectively. The rate of overweight and obesity was 31. 1% in male and 30. 0% in female. The total smoking rate among investigated people was 26. 8%（ Standardized smoking rate was 18. 8%）,while the rate of 52. 3% in male was higher than that in female（ 1. 3%）（ χ^2= 248. 522,P = 0. 000）; the rate of passive smoking was 46. 0%,while the rate of 50. 9% in female was higher than that in male（ 35. 8%）. The rates of drinking was 31. 4%,while the rate of 52. 0% in male was higher than that in female（ 10. 9%）（ χ^2= 147. 141,P = 0. 000）. The rates of regular exercise,high-fat diet,high-salt diet were 46. 0%,31. 4%,15. 4%,18. 1% and 21. 6%,respectively. Self-reported rates of hypertension,hyperlipemia,diabetes mellitus in the participants were 16. 2%,7. 6%,5. 6%,respectively. The healthy awareness about hypertension,hyperlipemia and diabetes mellitus were scarce. Conclusion Behavioral risk factors are widely existed in Taizhou residents. Countermeasures should be adopted and scientific life-style and healthy behaviour should be set up to improve their living quality and reduce the incidence of chronic diseases.