重庆市人口城镇化发展现状、障碍及对策分析

PRESENT POPULATION URBANIZATION DEVELOPMENT IN CHONGQING,OBSTACLES AND COUNTERMEASURES ANALYSIS

人口城镇化是城镇化发展模式转型过程中的核心问题。近年来重庆市常住人口数和城镇化率呈现较快增长趋势,在空间分布上呈现地域和城乡的不平衡,在人口结构上存在一定不合理,导致重庆市人口城镇化发展面临的主要障碍包括:人口分布不均衡、人口结构不合理、人口流动方向集中在大都市等,将长期影响重庆市城镇化发展方式转变。形成这些障碍的主要原因来自地形地貌自然特征、经济发展不平衡、历史累计的人口基数和落后的教育水平,以及制造业布局不合理等。在新型城镇化发展要求和深入改革进程中,要创新户籍制度,逐渐取消"二元"户籍管理制度;改善劳动力资源管理,抵消老龄化的消极影响;提高劳动力素质,推进产业升级和发展方式转变;有计划转移农业人口,加快发展中小城市和小城镇。

Population Urbanization is urbanization development mode transformation process of the core issues. In recent years,Chongqing resident population and urbanization rate showed faster growth trend,showing regional and urban- rural imbalance in the spatial distribution of the population there is a certain irrational structure,resulting in the development of urbanization in Chongqing population faces major obstacles include： uneven population distribution,population structure is irrational,the population concentrated in the cities,such as the flowdirection,the long- term effects of Urbanization development pattern. The main reason for the formation of these obstacles from natural terrain features,uneven economic development,historical cumulative level of education and poor population base,as well as manufacturing and other irrational. In the newurbanization development requirements and in- depth reform process,to be innovative household registration system,phasing out dual household registration management system; improving labor resource management,to offset the negative effects of aging;improving the quality of labor,promote industrial upgrading and development pattern; there planned transfer of agricultural population and accelerate the development of small cities and small towns.