蓖麻粗毒蛋白中草药解毒剂的筛选

Screening on Chinese herbal medicines antidotes to raw ricin

为了从31种中草药中筛选出对蓖麻粗毒蛋白具有较好解毒效果的中草药提取物,采用5种不同提取方法提取中草药有效成分,以小白鼠为试验对象,就31种中草药乙醇提取物对蓖麻毒蛋白中毒小鼠的解毒效果进行了粗筛,并就5种不同提取方法提取中草药提取液对蓖麻毒蛋白中毒小鼠的解毒效果进行了比较.结果表明,31种中草药乙醇提取物中,筛选出解毒效果较好的大黄、连翘、板蓝根、防风、白芍、附子、龙血竭、升麻(广东)和升麻(西安)等9种中草药;又从这9种中草药乙醇提取物中进一步筛选出解毒效果好且效果稳定的板蓝根、白芍、龙血竭和升麻(西安)等4种中草药;在5种提取方法中,以超声波丙酮提取法提取的中草药的解毒效果最好,超声波乙醇提取法次之,超声波水提取法效果最差;而在板蓝根、白芍、龙血竭和升麻(西安)等4种中草药提取液中,则以白芍提取液的解毒效果最佳,升麻(西安)的解毒效果最差.由此可以证明,白芍,龙血竭,板蓝根和升麻(西安)为极具潜力的蓖麻粗毒蛋白中草药解毒剂.

In order to screen out Chinese herb extracts from 31 kinds of Chinese medicinal herbs herbal which have good antidotal effect on raw ricin, five different extraction methods were investigated. Mice were used as experimental subjects, 31 kinds of herbal ethanol extracts were used to sieve coarsely by the detoxifying effect of ricin poisoning on mice. The detoxifying effects of the Chinese herb extracts extracted by five different methods were compared on ricin poisoned mice. The results showed that nine kinds of Chinese medicinal herbs were found to have good detoxification from 31 kinds of herbal ethanol extracts, for example Rhubarb, Forsythia, Radix, Divaricate saposhnikovia root, White paeony root, Radix aconiti lateralis preparata, Resina draconis, Cimicifuga （Guangdong） and Cimicifuga （Xi＇an） ; and that four kinds of Chinese medicinal herbs were screened out to have good and stable detoxifying effect from the nine kinds of herbal ethanol extracts, including Radix, White paeony root, Resina draconis and Cimicifuga （Xi＇an）. In the five kinds of extraction methods, ultrasonic acetone extraction method followed by the ultrasonic ethanol extraction method and the ultrasonic water extraction method. In Radix, White paeony root, Resina draconis and Cimicifuga （Xi＇an） four kinds of Chinese herb extracts, White paeony root was found to be the best antidote, and Cimicifuga （Xi＇an） was found to be the worst. The results demonstrated that Radix, White paeony root, Resina draconis and Cimicifuga （Xi＇an） could be used for potential antidotes.