原型范畴理论的英语现在完成时态习得认知研究

Cognitive Study of English Present Perfect Tense Based on Prototypical Theory

作为一种重要的语法范畴,时态一度是语言学家研究的重心,为了改进以往语法研究者对其的的冗杂解释,文中力图从认知角度,基于认知语言学中的原型范畴理论,探讨语言范畴中较重要的一种语法范畴——英语的现在完成时态范畴,通过研究中国高中学习者在习得英语时态过程中存在的问题,挖掘了其时态习得的认知机制,构建现在完成时态的典型及非典型意义的认知模型,比较了英汉时态表现形式上的差异,从而对国内高中英语时态的教学提供借鉴,并从理论上对英汉对比学习给予辅助作用.

As an important grammatical category ,tense has always been the focus of linguists’ studies . In order to improve its complicated explanation of previous studies ,this paper tries hard to discuss ,based on the Prototype theory in cognitive linguistics ,one of the important grammatical categories—English present perfect tense category .By studying the high school learners’ cognitive mechanism in their process of acquiring English tenses ,the cognitive models of the prototypical and non-prototypical uses of the present perfect tense are established ,with the differences in patterns of manifestation between Chinese and English compared .The study is expected to lay a theoretical basis for the teaching of English tenses and to be a theoretical assistance in the comparative study of English and Chinese .