网络学习共同体中的知识共享:主要障碍与应对策略

Knowledge Sharing in the Network Learning Community:Main Obstacles and Coping Strategies

网络学习共同体的优势之一就是能够实现超时空、大规模的知识共享。但是,在知识共享中,存在着诸多障碍:其一,角色模糊,导致人们不知道怎样发挥知识共享的角色;其二,效能感低,使得人们缺乏能力促成知识共享;其三,责任淡漠,造成人们不太愿意为知识共享贡献力量;其四,多元焦点,则让人们在交流过程中抓不住重点进而心烦意乱。对此,可以采用以下四种策略加以应对,即应用"启动者-总结者"技术,设计身份识别机制,开展混元交流活动以及建立明确的互惠制度。

One of the advantages of network learning community is to be able to realize the knowledge sharing,which is large-scale and beyond time and space. However, there are many obstacles in knowledge sharing ： first, role ambiguity, which causes the people don＇t know how to play the role of knowledge sharing;second, low efficacy, which makes people lack the ability to facilitate the knowledge sharing;third, free of psychological obligation, causes people that are less willing to contribute to the knowledge sharing;Fourth, Diversified foci, which lets people can＇t get the main point in the communication process and be confused in mind. To address these issues, we can use the following four measures, namely the application of＂Starter-wrapper＂ technique, design of identity rec-ognition mechanism, launching blended communication activities and establishment of clear mutual beneficial system.