北京房山中老年冠心病人生命质量调查

Study on the quality of life in patients with coronary heart disease in Fangshan District of Beijing

目的了解中老年冠心病人和正常人群的生命质量状况及冠心病人生命质量的相关因素。方法2010年8-10月在北京市房山区周口店镇,用自行设计的问卷和欧洲五维健康量表（european quality of life 5-dimensions,EQ-5D）对40岁及以上的1928名冠心病人和1430名正常人进行问卷调查,收集相关资料,用多元线性回归分析冠心病人生命质量的相关因素。结果冠心病人和正常人群的EQ-5D指数平均分分别为（0.889±0.172）和（0.964±0.106）,EQ视觉模拟量表平均分分别为（71.56±17.65）和（77.55±14.83）,评分的差异均有统计学意义（均有P〈0.05）。回归结果显示冠心病人EQ视觉模拟量表评分的相关因素是体育锻炼、饮酒、家庭人口数、家庭月收入、婚姻状况、糖尿病和脑卒中;冠心病人EQ-5D指数评分的相关因素是体育锻炼、家庭月收入、年龄、饮酒、家庭人口数和脑卒中。结论提高冠心病人的生命质量,建议给予家庭收入低、不参加体育锻炼、高龄、独居、患脑卒中或糖尿病的冠心病人更多的关注和干预。

Objective To evaluate the quality of life in patients with coronary heart disease（ CHD） and healthy subjects and to explore the potential factors associated with CHD patients＇ quality of life. Methods From August to October in 2010,a survey was carried out in the town of Zhoukoudian in Fangshan District of Beijing. European quality of life 5-dimensions（ EQ-5D） scales and a self-designed questionnaire were conducted through personal interview with 1 928 CHD patients and 1 430 healthy people who were all over 40 years of age by multiple linear regression analysis. Results The EQ-5D index score in CHD patients was（ 0. 889 ± 0. 172）,which was significantly lower than that in healthy population,（ 0. 964 ± 0. 106）. The European quality Visual Analogue Scale（ EQ-VAS） scores were（ 71. 56 ± 17. 65） and（ 77. 55 ±14. 83）,respectively,which showed the same trend（ all P〈0. 05）. In CHD patients,the factors associated with EQ-VAS score were physical activity,alcohol drinking,family population,household income,marital status,diabetes and stroke.Factors associated with EQ-5D index scores were physical activity,household income,age,alcohol drinking,family population and stroke. Participation in physical activity,high family income,alcohol drinking,married and more family members were related to better quality of life. Older age,stroke and diabetes were associated with worse quality of life. Conclusions The quality of life in CHD patients is weakened. Corresponding preventive and treatment measures should be given and taken to improve the quality of life in CHD patients,according to their individual situations,especially in CHD population with lower family income,poor physical exercise,old age,single,diabetes or stroke.