局部晚期鼻咽癌的治疗现状及展望

The treatment and prospects of locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma

目前，放射治疗是鼻咽癌的主要治疗方法，其中调强适形放疗是目前理想的鼻咽癌放疗技术。放疗失败的主要原因依然是局部复发和远处转移，因此，放化联合治疗已成为鼻咽癌治疗趋势，且同步放化疗是广为接受的联合治疗模式。新辅助化疗在减轻不良反应方面较同步放化疗有一定的优势，但后续维持化疗后并且能否提高总生存效果尚不确定。靶向药物联合放化疗还处于研究的初期，结果令人期待。此外，免疫治疗、生物化疗等新治疗手段和理念也逐渐成为关注及研究热点。

Radiotherapy is the main treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma .The intensity modulated ra-diation therapy is one of the most ideal radiotherapy technology for nasopharyngeal carcinoma .Local recurrence and distant metastasis are still the main reasons responded to the radiation fails .Therefore,chemoradiotherapy has become the most recommended treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma （ NPC） ,and the synchronous chemoradio-therapy is a widely accepted joint model .Neoadjuvant chemotherapy shows significant advantages comparing to concurrent chemoradiotherapy in reducing the adverse reactions ,while it is uncertain whether the follow -up ma-intenance chemotherapy can improve total survival .The understanding of targeted drugs in chemoradiotherapy is still in early stage,but the result is worth looking forward to .In addition,novel treatments and concepts ,including immune therapy and biological chemotherapy ,are attracting more and more attention .