c －Met 信号通路在多种恶性肿瘤中的研究进展

Progress of c-Met signaling pathways in a variety of malignant tumors

近年来，恶性肿瘤的治疗已进入了个体化和分子靶向时代，因此，研发针对肿瘤病人个体新的治疗靶点已成为重中之重。大量临床和基础实验研究发现，由间质细胞产生的肝细胞生长因子（ Hepa-tocyte growth factor receptor ，HGF）与上皮细胞中的特异受体间质———上皮细胞转化因子（ Mesenchymal －epithelial transition factor ，c－Met）结合并激活该受体的酪氨酸活性，促进多种类型细胞的生长、迁移和形态学改变，继而促进肿瘤的侵袭、转移和血管生成。在甲状腺癌、乳腺癌、肺癌、头颈部鳞癌、中枢神经系统肿瘤及消化系统肿瘤的发生、发展中，HGF及其受体c－Met起着重要作用。 HGF／c－Met信号通路作为多种实体瘤的新靶点，被认为是近年来最有前景的治疗靶点，已成为目前研究的热点之一。本文将主要就HGF及c－Met受体的结构、功能、激活机制及在多种恶性肿瘤中的研究进展做一综述。

In recent years ,the treatment of malignant tumor has entered the era of individualization and molecular target .Therefore,research and development of new therapeutic targets for cancer patients has become a top priority.A large number of clinical and experimental research found that HGF is produced by mesenchymal cells,which is combined with epithelial cells of specific receptors c -Met to activate the receptor tyrosine activity , promoting the growth ,migration and morphological change of a variety of cell ,and then to promote the tumor inva-sion,metastasis and angiogenesis .HGF and its receptor c-Met play an important role in the progression of thy-roid cancer,breast cancer,lung cancer,head and neck squamous cell carcinomas ,central nervous system tumors and digestive system tumors .HGF/c-Met signaling pathway ,as a new targets for a variety of solid tumors ,is con-sidered to be the most promising therapeutic targets in recent years ,it has also become one of the hot spots of cur-rent research.This article will mainly discuss HGF and c -Met receptor′s structure,function,activation mecha-nism and research progress in a variety of malignant tumor .A large number of clinical and experimental research found that HGF is produced by mesenchymal cells and epithelial cells with a specific receptor combination c -Met and activates the receptor tyrosine activity .