内隐建言理论:员工沉默的新解释

Implicit Voice Theory: A New Explanation for Employee Silence

近年来探讨员工沉默背后原因的研究日渐丰富。Detert和Edmondson(2011)突破以往的社会交换视角和理性人假设,立足社会认知的视角,认为长期的生活经历和社会化过程在个体心中形成并发展了关于建言的认知图式,由这些认知图式构成一个互相关联的系统——个体的内隐建言理论,长期、稳定地存在于个体心中并毫无意识地指引着个体关于建言的思考和行为,这为探讨员工沉默提供了一个新的思路。文章对内隐建言理论的源起——内隐理论、内隐建言理论的内涵与特性、个体内隐建言理论的形成与发展、内隐建言理论研究的理论基础、内隐认知与员工沉默关系五个方面的内容进行了评介。最后对现有研究进行了总结和展望,以期为后续研究提供借鉴和参考。

In recent years,employee silence is becoming a hot research topic. From the perspective of cognitive constraints,implicit voice theory research provides a new perspective to explore employee silence. Detert and Edmondson（ 2011） pointed out that socially acquired beliefs,or implicit theories,about what makes voice risky in social hierarchies,potentially led to employee silence. Based on a review of the existing research,this paper first defines the connotation and features of implicit theory and implicit voice theory,next analyzes the evolution process and theoretical foundation of implicit voice theory,then reviews the relationship between implicit cognition and employee silence. Finally it also conducts a brief summary and an outlook for future research.