群板覆盖下内陆干旱区平原水库节水效率研究

Research on water-saving efficiency of inland arid plain reservoir under plate-group cover

我国内陆干旱区降水稀少,蒸发强烈,减少平原水库无效蒸发是缓解干旱区水资源紧张的重要途径之一。通过浮板覆盖水库的方式可抑制水面蒸发,提高水库的有效利用率。依据现场试验的实测数据和一个完整非冰冻期的气象资料,建立了新疆北部地区月平均水面蒸发量和月平均气温回归方程,计算出月平均蒸发量和在不同气象条件下浮板的防蒸发系数,进而得出水库水面加盖浮板的防蒸发节水效率。分析结果表明,水库水面加盖浮板可以大幅提高节水效率。

The inland arid region of China has rare precipitation but strong evaporation,it is important to alleviate the situation of water shortage through reducing the invalid evaporation of plain reservoir. Controlling the evaporation by the floating slab cover on the water surface of the reservoirs can improve the utilization rate of reservoir. Based on field measured data and climatological data in a whole non- freezing period,the regression equation of monthly average water surface evaporation and monthly average temperature of the northern Xinjiang Autonomous Region is established,and the monthly average evaporation and anti- evaporation coefficients by use of floating slab cover under different meteorological conditions are calculated; furthermore,the water-saving efficient by the floating slab cover is obtained. The analysis results show that the plate- group cover on the surface of reservoir can improve water- saving efficient greatly.