内陆核电站水供给安全问题分析及对策研究

Analysis of water supply safety of inland nuclear power plants and countermeasures

内陆核电站正常运行时的用水量及排放稀释用水量均较大,将和现有流域内其它用水户产生竞争,尤其在水资源相对缺乏的地区将对水资源配置格局产生较大影响。分析了我国内陆核电站在正常气候和极端干旱天气条件下的水供给安全问题,提出应综合考虑电力需求、流域水资源情势、核电60 a寿期内水资源变化趋势和承载能力、生态保护等因素,提前确定各流域核电项目合理布局和建设规模,以提高各流域核电开发综合效益,保证各相关水资源利用规划的相容性。

A large quantity of water is required for normal operation and release dilution of inland nuclear power plants,which could result in the competition with other water users in the same water basin,especially imposing significant pressure on water resources allocation for inland area that is short in water resources. So,we analyze the issues of water supply safety of inland nuclear power plants under the normal and extreme drought conditions respectively,and it is suggested that the decision- maker should determine the reasonable layout and scale of inland nuclear power plants in advance by taking account of several parameters such as power demand,basin water resources condition,water resources variation trend in 60 years＇ lifetime of nuclear power plant as well as the ecological bearing capacity in a basin etc. So the comprehensive benefit of nuclear power development and the compatibility of basin water resources plan could be fulfilled.