家庭保健员培训对社区高血压患者家庭的效果评价

Effectiveness of Family Health Worker Training on High Blood Pressure Patients

目的:评价在社区实施家庭保健员培训对高血压患者及其家庭成员的影响。方法:选择石景山区某社区卫生中心及其下属6个社区卫生服务站筛选家庭成员至少有1名高血压患者的居民180户,随机分为管理组和对照组,各90户。对两组均建立家庭健康档案,对每户选取1名高血压患者为样本实施全科医师慢性病规范化管理。管理组家庭中选取高血压患者或其照顾者接受家庭保健员培训,限1户1人。两组除原高血压患者外随机抽取1名30岁以上家庭成员,分为管理1组和对照1组,各180人,以调查问卷形式进行健康信息收集采样。比较两组家庭成员中高血压患者基本生理指标、生活习惯、健康知识知晓率,分析家庭保健员健康教育的效果。结果:两组基线数据差异无统计学意义,具有可比性;培训后,管理组在体质指数、收缩压、舒张压、糖化血红蛋白各项指标方面,均较对照组明显改善(P<0.05),BMI、空腹血糖在干预后两组均有所下降,与对照组比较无统计学意义。家庭保健员培训1年后,两组中高血压患者基本生理指标、家庭成员的生活习惯、健康教育知晓率比较,管理1组明显优于对照1组(P<0.05)。结论:对社区高血压患者家庭采取家庭保健员培训可以提高临床疗效,改变家庭成员不良生活习惯,提高健康知识知晓率。

Objective：To evaluate the effect of Family Health worker training on high blood pressure patients and their family members on community. Methods：From 180 family with at least 1 high blood pressure patient were selected by some Center for community Health Service in Shijingshan and 6 Health Station. They were randomly assigned to the management group and the control group. Both of the groups were established family health ifles. A sample of hypertensive patients selected from each family were implemented chronic disease management by general practitioners. Hypertensive patients and their caregivers in management group received Family Health worker training, limit one person in his family. In addition to the original two groups of randomly selected patients with hypertension over a 30-year-old family member, into the management group and the control group, each group of 180 people were col ected health information in the form of a questionnaire. The physical signs of the hypertensive patients, daily habits and rates of health knowledge of family members were compared between the family members in two groups to analyze the effect of health education on Family Health worker. Results：There were 90 families in both of the two groups. There were no signiifcant different of clinical characteristics between the two groups at baseline. After one year training, the physical signs of the hypertensive patients, daily habits and rates of health knowledge of family members compared between the family members in two groups, the families in the management group were bet er than the families in the control group（P〈0.05）.Conclusion：The Family Health worker training in the families of the hypertensive patients can improve the clinical efifcacy, the bad daily habits and the rates of the health knowledge.