海底管道失效原因及基于ROV的海底管道巡检技术

Reasons for subsea pipeline failure and ROV-based inspection technology of subsea pipeline

统计分析了国内外海底管道的失效原因,包括设计不合理、管道材料质量问题、海管施工质量问题、冲刷与悬跨、船舶起抛锚作业、船只搁浅、落物冲击、采沙作业引起海底管道悬空、拖网捕鱼、内外腐蚀、设备故障、操作失误。探讨了基于遥控潜水器(ROV)的海底管道巡检技术,其在工作深度、设备搭载能力和复杂海况的适应性方面优势明显,由ROV搭载检测设备进行管道巡检,基本方式是ROV巡线航行,进行常规检测,并在可疑区域或故障点悬停,进行精细检测,甚至可完成水下干预。

This paper discusses the reasons for subsea pipeline failure in China and abroad, including improper design, inadequate quality of pipeline material, imperfect pipeline construction, erosion and suspension, anchoring operation of ship, ship stranding, impact of dropped objects, sand production leading to suspension of subsea pipeline, fishing with trawl, internal and external corrosion, equipment failure and operational mistakes. This paper presents the ROV-based inspection technology of subsea pipeline, which has evident advantages in terms of working depth, carrying capacity and adaptability to complicated sea conditions. ROV carries the inspection equipment to conduct the pipeline inspection, in a way that ROV navigates along the sailing line for regular inspection and stop at the questioning or failure point to conduct fine inspection, or even underwater interference.