生态水体景观视觉影响下道路交通声评价的实验研究

An experimental study on the subjective evaluation of traffic sounds under the visual impact of ecological waterscape

采用里克特5级量表(1:非常不舒适;5:非常舒适)实验研究了不同声级的道路交通声评价在生态水体景观视觉影响下的规律。分析发现:与单听觉测试条件相比,生态水体景观将道路交通声级与声评价的相关系数由-0.91降低至-0.81^-0.57,其中30 dBA的道路交通声评价值下降0.13~0.68,而70 dBA的道路交通声评价值升高0.10~0.22。在一定声级范围内景观要素对道路交通声评价的影响不同:人工要素比自然要素影响下的道路交通声评价值高0.33/10 dBA;自然水体远景比近景影响下的道路交通声评价值高0.33/10 dBA;人的活动要素比动物活动要素影响下的道路交通声评价值高0.28/10 dBA,

The influence of the visual landscape elements, particularly ecological water patches, on the subjective evaluation of traffic sounds was studied, based on the laboratory tests, using 5-point Liket scale （1： very uncomfortable; 5： very comfortable）. The results show that, compared with sound-only test conditions, the ecological water patches with different landscape elements reduced linear correlation coefficient between the traffic sound evaluation and sound pressure level （SPL） from -0.91 to -0.81 - -0.57, and they could decrease the evaluation of traffic sound of 30dBA by 0.13--,0.68 and increase that of 70 dBA traffic sound by 0.10-0.22. Within a certain SPL range, landscape elements impacted the evaluation of traffic sound in different ways： the evaluation of traffic sound was higher by 0.33/10 dBA under the impact of artificial landscape elements than that of natural elements. In the case of the natural landscape stimuli, with distant view of waterscape the evaluation of traffic sound was 0.33/10 dBA more compared to that with closer-view. The evaluation of traffic sound was also higher by 0.28/10 dBA with landscape element of the appearances of human activities than that with the appearances of animals.