桦褐孔菌野生分离菌株的比较与栽培选育

Selection of Cultivar Inonotus obliquus from Wild Strains

通过菌丝形态比较、ISSR分析鉴定及人工驯化栽培选育,对1株野生分离菌株和4株保藏菌株进行比较。结果显示:5个菌株在菌丝形态和长势上差异显著,1号菌株(野生分离)菌丝洁白,长速最快;ISSR扩增图谱谱带差异明显,1号菌株与5号菌株在遗传相似水平85%时聚为1类,其他菌株各自聚为独立1类。驯化栽培试验结果表明:1号菌株出核较快,菌核大,产量高,较其他菌株产量差异显著。被试菌株为各自独立菌株,1号菌株经驯化适宜高产栽培,是重要珍稀野生种质资源。本研究可为野生桦褐孔菌菌株种质资源收集和为实现大规模栽培育种提供亲本资源。

Five wild strains of Inonotus obliquus were used to select the optimal cultivar by mycelial morphology,ISSR identification and artificial cultivation test. The results showed that there were significant difference in mycelial morphology and growth in five strains. Number 1 isolated strain exihibited the optimum characteristics,and grows fast with an obvious difference ISSR spectrum. The strain also displayed the rapid formation of sclerotia and high yield of sclerotia. Moreover,the strain was different from other strains in the genetic background. Number 1 and number 5 strains were clustered into the same group according to the similarity. Other stainss were classified as the independent group. Number 1 strain selected from five wild strains is suitable for artificial cultivation. The strain could provide rich germplasm resources for large-scale artificial cultivation of I. obliquus.