等速康复训练在集体小球项目中的应用研究

Study on the Application of Isokinetic Rehabilitation Training to the Athletes of Group Small Ball Games

对2007-2012年间广东省集体小球类项目(手球、曲棍球、垒球)运动损伤后等速肌力康复效果进行归纳总结。应用等速肌力测试系统为广东集体小球项目运动员提供了419人次5 872关节次等速康复训练,康复前后进行角速度为60°/s的膝、肩关节等速肌力测试,以及角速度为30°/s的踝关节等速肌力测试,结果发现:(1)膝关节损伤发生率最高,达到60.88%,踝、肩也是损伤多发部位,整体看来,下肢损伤发生率高于上肢。(2)各项目运动员经过一段时间的等速康复训练后,关节等速肌力得到显著提高。结论:(1)在集体小球项目中,运动损伤发生部位与运动专项特点密切相关,损伤发生率从高到低依次为膝、踝、肩、腰背、髋。(2)等速肌力康复作为一种康复手段,在集体小球项目运动员运动损伤过程中效果明显,提供了客观可靠的量化指标。

The article summarizes the effects of isokinetic rehabilitation after the injuries of the athletes of group small ball games（handball, hockey and softball） in Guangdong Province in 2007-2012. The isokinetic muscle strength test system was used in the isokinetic rehabilitation training of 5872 times for the athletes of419 person times. The knee and shoulder isokinetic muscle strength tests were arranged before and after the rehabilitation with the angle velocity of 60 °/s as well as the ankle isokinetic muscle strength tests with the angle velocity of 30 ° /s. The result shows that the highest occurrence rate can be found in knee injury, which reaches 60.88%. Besides, athletes are often troubled by ankle and shoulder injuries. In total, the lower limb injuries are more than the upper limb injuries. And after a period of isokinetic rehabilitation training, the joint isokinetic muscle strength of the different discipline athletes is improved significantly. So the conclusion is that in group small ball games, there is a close correlation between the injured parts and the specific characteristics of the sport. The injury occurrence rates, from high to low, are the injuries of knee, ankle, shoulder, waist back and hip. As a means of rehabilitation, isokinetic rehabilitation has significant effect on the injuries of the athletes of group small ball games. It provides objective reliable quantitative indicators.