抗肿瘤药物引起的严重不良反应报告分析

Analysis of report of serious adverse reactions induced by anti tumor drugs

目的分析抗肿瘤药物引起严重不良反应的发生特点和一般规律。方法收集用抗肿瘤药物引起的365例严重不良反应,从年龄、性别、药物分类和发生严重不良反应关系、严重不良反应累及器官/系统及主要临床表现等方面进行统计分析。结果 365例严重不良反应中有210例用静脉滴注给药,男性略多于女性,平均年龄54.57岁,以中老年患者(≥50岁)居多。严重不良反应的临床表现以血液系统、皮肤黏膜和消化系统的损害最为多见。在患者转归方面,好转和痊愈共占76.71%。结论抗肿瘤药物引起的严重不良反应和年龄、剂型、给药途径相关,防治方面要充分发挥专科临床药师的作用,对抗肿瘤药物引起的不良反应进行集中监测报告,预防或减少严重不良反应的发生。

Objective To analyze the characteristics and patterns of occurrence of the serious adverse drug reaction（ADR） induced by anticancer drugs.Methods From a total of 365 serious ADR cases collected from January 2010 to August 2012 in Beijing Adverse Drug Reaction Center,statistical analysis was carried out from the age,sex,drug classification and severe ADR relationship,severe ADR involved organ/system and main clinical manifestations,and so on.Results There were 210 patients out of 365 cases of severe ADR received intravenous infusion,slightly higher in males than females.The average age was 54.57 years old,and most of them were middle-aged and elderly patients（≥50years old）.The clinical manifestations of severe adverse reactions were most common in hematological system,skin mucous membrane and digestive system damages.In patient outcomes,improved and recovered patients accounted for 76.71%.Conclusion The serious ADR induced by anticancer drugs is related with age,dosage form and route of administration.The special clinical pharmacists play an important role in prevention and cure,who should monitor and report centrally ADR caused by anticancer drugs,and prevent or reduce the occurrence of serious ADR.