咸宁市与武汉市酸雨特征对比分析

Contrastive Analysis of Characteristic of Acid Rain in Xianning and Wuhan

通过对咸宁市3个酸雨监测站和武汉站2008年~2012年的酸雨资料进行分析,研究了咸宁和武汉的降水p H值、K值及酸雨频率的分布特征,及咸宁与武汉酸雨差异的可能成因分析。分析结果表明：咸宁和武汉酸雨总体呈现减弱趋势,强酸性降水的频率在减小,年平均p H值的大小与强酸性降水的频率呈负相关;p H值和K值大致上呈负相关;p H值呈明显的季节变化,大致上夏季p H值最大,冬季最小;p H值的大小与降水量有着密切关系,降水量越大,PH值越大;金沙站酸雨主要发生在风速2~6m/s,其他3个监测站发生在风速〈3m/s的气象条件下;金沙站的污染物以输入性为主,而通山站的污染物主要本地的,嘉鱼站和武汉站介于两者之间,既有本地的也有输入的;武汉站与金沙站的日、月酸雨变化有着十分显著的相关性（通过ɑ=0.01显著性检验）,而季节相关性不明显。

Through the analysis of the acid rain data from three acid rain monitoring stations in Xianning City and Wu Han monitoring station（ the data from Wu Han monitoring station is from 2008 to 2012）,the distribution characteristics of the p H,K value and the frequency of acid rain in Xianning and Wuhan were studied. The possible causes of the differences of the acid rain between Wuhan and Xianning were analyzed. The results showed that the acid rain in both Xianning and Wuhan generally present declining trends. Strong acid rain frequency had decreased. The annual average p H value was negatively related to the frequency of strong acid rain. PH and K values generally showed a negative correlation. p H values showed significant seasonal variation,generally highest in summer and lowest in winter. p H values had positive correlation with precipitation,the more the precipitation is,the higher the p H value. Acid rain at Jin Sha Station mainly occurred when the wind speed was 2 ~ 6m / s,at the other three stations,it was occurred when the wind speed 〈3 m / s. In Jin Sha Station,the pollutants were mainly transported while in Tongshan station,the pollutants were mainly local. In Jiayu and Wu Han station,there were both transported and local pollutants.There is a significant correlation of daily and monthly acid rain variation between Wuhan and Jin Sha Station,（ through ɑ = 0. 01 significant test）,however the seasonal correlation is not obvious.