高超声速滑翔飞行器典型弹道特性分析

Typical Trajectory Characteristics of Hypersonic Glide Vehicle

研究平衡滑翔和跳跃滑翔两种高超声速滑翔飞行器典型弹道模式的纵向弹道特性。首先建立高超声速滑翔飞行器的纵向运动模型。在平衡滑翔条件下,导出速度、高度与速度倾角之间函数关系式,分析动压、过载与热流密度随速度变化的规律,并给出常升阻比时运动状态参数之间的解析表达式。针对跳跃滑翔弹道,采用数值仿真方法分析初始速度、高度与速度倾角对弹道的影响。本文的研究有利于提高对高超声速滑翔飞行器弹道特性的认识水平,并能为弹道预报、轨迹规划与制导系统设计等提供参考。

Two typical flight modes of hypersonic glide vehicles, equilibrium glide and skip glide, are researched in the paper. Firstly longitudinal kinematic models for hypersonic glide vehicle are established. Relative functions between velocity, height and fight path angle are deduced, and the changing laws of dynamic pressure, total load factor and heating rate with velocity are analyzed in the equilibrium glide mode. In addition, analytical equations between state parameters are presented under the condition of constant lift-drag-ratios. Numerical simulation method is applied to explain the effect of the initial parameters on the skip glide trajectory. The study can help improve the understanding and provide guidance for missions like trajectory prediction, planning and guidance.