基于GIS的岩溶山区农村居民点用地适宜性评价

Land Suitability Evaluation of Rural Settlements in Karst Mountains Based on GIS

农村居民点用地适宜性评价对区域新农村建设具有重要作用。为合理安排岩溶山区农村居民点用地,运用GIS技术,以贵州省麻江县为例,选用坡度、与河流距离、与公路距离、与城镇距离、土地资源和耕作距离等6个因子建立岩溶山区农村居民点用地适宜性评价指标体系,借助ArcGIS空间分析技术对麻江县农村居民点用地适宜性进行了评价。结果表明:高度适宜区和中度适宜区分别仅占4.38%和8.96%,而低度适宜区和不适宜区分别占45.48%和41.18%;高度适宜区和中度适宜区主要分布于公路、河流沿线以及城镇附近,这主要与便利的交通条件、充足的水源、平坦的地形以及城镇的吸引力有关。而低度适宜区和不适宜区主要分布于坡度较陡的山地,这与水源的不足、交通不便、远离城镇等有关。

Land suitability evaluation of rural settlements plays an important role in construction of new rural area. In order to reasonably arrange the rural settlement~ in karst mountainous, Majiang County of Guizhou Province was taken as the example and six factors were chosen to establish the evaluation index system of rural settlements in karst mountains by the technology of GIS, which were the slope, distance from the riv- er, distance from the road, distance from the farming, distance from the town and land use, and the land suitability distributed in the surrounding town, riverside and roadside, which had relations with convenient traffic conditions, adequate water resource, flat terrain and the attraction of the town. Low suitability and non-suitability distributed in steep mountains, which had relations with lack of water, inconvenience of traffic conditions, farther distance from the town.