2005-2010年河南省土地利用结构变化分析

Analysis on Changes in Land Use Structure in He′nan Province from 2005 to 2010

土地利用结构变化是实施土地利用总体规划关注的核心内容。根据2005年和2010年的2期土地利用空间数据,运用GIS技术和土地利用转换矩阵等方法,分析了2005—2010年河南省土地利用结构的变化。从全省来看,土地利用结构的数量变化主要表现为：城乡工矿居民用地和未利用地增加（增幅分别为6.71%和16.97%）,而耕地和水域减少（减幅分别为1.26%和0.98%）。空间变化主要表现为：耕地与林地、耕地与水域、耕地与城乡工矿居民用地之间的空间位置的变换,以及水域向未利用地的转变。从土地利用综合区来看,土地利用结构的数量变化主要表现为：各区城乡工矿居民用地增加（增幅为3.70%~16.71%）,耕地减少（减幅为0.48%~2.15%）。此外,中原城市群区未利用地和林地的增加、水域的减少,豫北区林地和水域的减少,豫西南区水域的增加,以及黄淮四市区草地的增加也较显著。空间变化主要表现为：各区耕地和城乡工矿居民用地之间的空间位置的变换。此外,中原城市群区耕地和林地、耕地和水域之间的位置变换,豫北区林地和水域向耕地的转变,豫西南区耕地向水域的转变,以及黄淮四市区耕地和水域之间的位置变换、耕地向草地的转变也较显著。研究结果为河南省土地利用总体规划（2006—2020）的实施提供了科学依据。

Changes in land use structure are the focus of attention to implement integrated land use plans. Based on digital land use maps of 2005 and 2010, this research showed changes in land use structure in Her nan Province between 2005 and 2010, exerting GIS techniques and mathematical methods. At the whole province scale, the significant quantitative changes in land use structure were that the areas of construction land and unused land increased greatly （increase rates were 6.71G and 16.97%, respectively）, and that the areas of cultivated land and water body decreased markedly （decrease rates were 1.26% and 0.98%, respec- tively） ; the significant spatial changes were the location swap between cultivated land and forestland, water body and construction land, and the conversion of water body to unused land. At the integrated land use zone scale, in four land use zones the area of construction land increased by 3.70% to 16.71% , while the area of cultivated land decreased by 0.48% to 2.15% . In addition, the increase of unused land and forest land, and the decrease of water body in Zhongyuan Urban Community zone, the loss of forest land and water body in Yubei Zone, the gain of water body in Yuxinan Zone,and the increase of grassland in Huanghuai Four Mu- nicipalities Zone were the more significant changes. With respect to spatial changes, the location swap be- tween cultivated land and construction land was extensive and significant in four zones. In addition, the loca-tion swap between cultivated land and forestland, and water body in Zhongyuan Urban Community Zone, the conversion of forest land and water body to cultivated land in Yubei Zone, the conversion of cultivated land to wa- ter body in Yuxinan Zone, and the location swap between cultivated land and water body, and the conversion of culti- vated land to grassland in Huanghuai Four Municipalities Zone were the more significant changes. These findings provide valuable information for the implementation of Helnan integrated land use plan （2006 2020）.