以“居民健康教育需求”为导向的社区健康教育实践

Practice of Community Health Education Led by“Demand-oriented Health Education for Residents”

目的总结以"居民健康教育需求"为导向的社区居民健康教育干预活动对提高我市城、乡社区居民健康知识知晓率和健康行为形成率的作用,为我市开展健康教育和健康促进工作提供参考依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,抽取市区和农村各3个共6个社区(村),每个社区300名共1 800名常住居民为研究对象,进行健康知识需求内容及方式的问卷调查,根据调查结果,按照居民提出的健康知识需求内容和方式,进行为期1年的健康教育干预。于干预前后分别对居民进行健康知识知晓率和健康行为形成率的问卷调查,以评价干预效果。结果干预前后对比,市区、农村居民健康知识知晓率均明显提高,差异有统计学意义;健康行为中除"吸烟率"1项外,其余各项干预前后差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论以"居民健康教育需求"为导向的社区居民健康教育干预活动能提高社区居民健康知识知晓率,促进健康行为的形成,但控烟仍需社会创造支持性环境。

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of the awareness rate of health knowledge and the formation rate of health behavior in health intervention with ＂Demand-oriented health education for residents＂ in urban and rual of zhuhai, the evidence on health ed- ucation and health promotion are provided. METHODS 1 800 residents from six communities for each 300 among urban and rual each three were selected as subject by stratified-cluster sampling were investigated about contents and mode of health knowledge which they need, intervention for one year according to the investigate result, a questionnaire survey among urban and rual residents was conducted before and after to evaluate the effect. RESULTS The awareness rate of health knowledge and the formation rate of health behavior among urban and rual were higher after than before excepted smoking rate, significant difference were found. CONCLU- SION The intervention with ＂Demand-oriented health education for residents＂ was effective on raise the awareness rate of health knowledge and the formation rate of health behavior, but smoking control is excepted.