大鼠人迎穴定位标准及针刺降压效应

Rat Point Renying(ST9) Location Standard and the Hypotensive Effect of Acupuncture

目的通过解剖大鼠人迎穴的局部结构建立体表定位方法和针刺操作标准,并通过针刺降压效应进行验证。方法根据人体人迎穴的解剖特点,将Wistar大鼠麻醉后仰卧位固定,逐层解剖颈部人迎穴区,钝性分离出颈总动脉、颈内动脉、颈外动脉,采用游标卡尺定位测量并数码拍照。统计学分析体表定位和穴位深度,确定针刺操作标准。分别取人迎穴和非穴针刺治疗自发性高血压大鼠,4星期后统计分析血压变化趋势。结果根据95%参考值范围,确定成年大鼠人迎穴体表定位为两侧下颌骨隅突连线下(8±0.3)mm,前正中线旁开(5.5±0.4)mm,左右各一;针刺操作标准为直刺(5.5±0.4)mm,慎行提插手法,以免伤及动脉;与非穴比较,针刺人迎穴降压效应明显(P<0.05)。结论依据人体人迎穴的解剖特点确定了大鼠人迎穴体表定位标准,并通过此定位进行针刺治疗,证实了确切的降压效应。

Objective To establish a surface location method and acupuncture manipulation standard by dissecting the local structure of rat point Renying（ST9） and make a validation through the hypotensive effect of acupuncture. Method A Wistar rat was sacrificed and fixed by cryogenic freezing. According the anatomical characteristics of human point Renying, cervical point Renying region was dissected layer by layer, and the common carotid artery, the internal carotid artery and the external carotid artery were bluntly separated. Location and measurement were made using vernier calipers and digital photographs were taken. Body surface location and acupuncture point depth were statistically analyzed to establish acupuncture manipulation standards. Point Renying and a non-acupoint were separately acupunctured to treat rat spontaneous hypertension. The changing tendency of blood pressure was statistically analyzed after four weeks. Result According to the 95% reference value range, the surface location of rat point Renying was determined to be（8±0.3）mm below a line connecting bilateral mandibular angles and（5.5±0.4）mm lateral to the anterior midline, one on each side. Acupuncture manipulation standards were perpendicular insertion（5.5±0.4）mm and cautious lifting and thrusting to avoid injuring the artery. Acupuncture at point Renying had a marked hypotensive effect as compared with a non-acupoint（P0.05）. Conclusion The surface location of rat point Renying is reliable and can be applied to animal experimental study.