笼养和平养模式下海兰褐蛋鸡产蛋性能及福利的研究

Production Performance of Egg and Welfare of Hy-line Brown Hens under Cage System and Free-range System

选取40周龄的海兰褐蛋鸡200只为研究对象,检测笼养和平养鸡舍内NH3和H2S气体的浓度,研究笼养和平养模式对海兰褐蛋鸡的生产性能、外观、行为的影响。结果表明,笼养组与平养组的鸡舍内NH3均低于3.79μg/m3(P>0.05),H2S含量极微;笼养组蛋鸡平均采食量、产蛋率及运输保存过程中鸡蛋破损率均显著高于平养组(P<0.01);笼养脏蛋率为1.06%,极显著低于平养组的40.91%(P<0.01);捡蛋过程中鸡蛋破损率差异不显著(P>0.05)。笼养组蛋鸡采食行为发生的频率稍微高于平养组(P>0.05);但其站立频率显著高于平养组(P<0.01);其趴卧、走动、梳理羽毛的行为发生频率显著低于平养组(P<0.01);而觅食和沙浴行为完全丧失。笼养组蛋鸡背部羽毛覆盖不如平养组蛋鸡(P<0.05),足部损伤及畸形状况则极显著增加(P<0.01)。

200 Hy-line brown hens with 40 weeks old were randomly divided to two groups to study the effects of different rearing pattern including cage system and free-range system on henhouse environment, production performance of egg, appearance and behavior of Hy-line brown hens. The results showed that the NH3 concentration in two henhouses were lower than 3.79 μg/m^3 with no significant difference （P〉0.05）. The H2S concentration was immeasurably. The average feed intake, laying rate and the damage rate during transporting and conservation in the group of cage system was significantly higher than that of free-range system （118.25 vs 98.76, 90.55% vs 71.48%, 5.46% vsl.36%, P〈0.01）. The dirty rate of cage system was 1.06% and significantly lower than that of free-range system （40.91%） （P〈0.01）. The damage rate of egg during picking was not significant（P〉0.05）. The feeding frequency in two rearing patterns was similar（P〉0.05）, while the stood frequency of cage system was significantly higher than that of free-range system （P〈0.01）. The frequency of keeping down, walking and preening of cage system was significantly lower than that of free-range system （P〈0.01）. The behavior of foraging and sand behavior was disappearred. The feathers cover of chickens of cage system were worse （P〈0.05） and the foot damage of cage system was significantly higher than that of free-range system （P〈0.01）