肽核酸在抗肿瘤作用的研究进展

Research progress on antitumor effect of peptide nucleic acid

肽核酸(peptide nucleic acid,PNA)是一种人工合成DNA分子类似物,其与DNA分子结构的主要区别在于N-(2-氨基乙基)甘氨酸骨架代替糖-磷酸酯骨架作为重复结构单元。基于此分子结构,使得肽核酸具有独特的理化性质及众多的生物学功能。越来越多的研究表明,肽核酸以Waston-Crick碱基配对方式与肿瘤突变的序列特异性结合,从而调节突变基因的复制、转录及翻译过程,从基因水平上治疗肿瘤。肽核酸作为肿瘤基因治疗的重要介质,在抗肿瘤治疗中起着重要的作用。本文就肽核酸的理化性质及其生物学功能进行综述,重点阐述其在抗肿瘤作用机制方面的研究进展。

PNA is a DNA analogues with the sugar-phosphate backbone is replaced by pseudopeptide chain constituted N-（2-aminoethyl） glycine monomers. Based on the molecular structure, the PNA has special physicochemical properties and many biological functions. More and more studies have suggested that PNA combined with tumor mutational sequence by using the Waston-Crick principle of complementary base pairing to specifically inhibit the mutated gene duplication, transcription and translation and that can treat tumors from gene level. As an important medium of tumor genetic therapy, the PNA plays an important role in antitumor treatment. In this paper, the physicochemical properties and biological functions of the PNA have been reviewed, emphasis on the antitumor mechanism of the PNA in recent years.