先河后海 渐造奇绝——“山谷诗法”孕育成熟的家学渊源

On the Family Learning of the Development of “Poetic Technique of Huang Tingjian”

北宋时期,以诗赋文章引领风骚者多为名门子弟,"江西初祖"黄庭坚即其一也。黄庭坚之所以能成长为诗坛宗主,并非文星偶降,雅韵天成。一方面,"分宁黄氏"深厚博雅的家学渊源及黄庶耳提面命的亲切教诲,为他创造了不可或缺的初始条件。另一方面,谢师厚、孙莘老与山谷之间以婚姻为纽带的诗法交流,也为"山谷诗法"的丰富和成熟提供了特殊帮助。虽说黄山谷酷学少陵、效法韩愈的诗艺成就,远远超过了黄庶及孙、谢二公,但黄庶效韩,孙、谢学杜的诗学实践,无论对山谷本人,还是对"江西"后人,都有着不可否认的先导和启迪意义。

In the Northern Song Dynasty, leaders of the poem and essay were mostly from distinguished families, and Huang Tingjian, the ＂Jiangxi Ancestor＂, was one of them. However, his literary talent was not the only reason for being the leader of Parnassus. On the one hand, the educated family learning of ＂Huang Family in Fenning＂ and the cordial inculcation of Huang Shu provided him with indispensable initial contexts. On the other hand, the poetry communication, which was based on the marriage link between Xie Shihou, Sun Jue and Huang Tingjian, also offered special assistance to the development of the ＂poetic technique of Huang Tingjian＂. Although the poetic achievements of Huang Tingjian, who followed Du Fu and Han Yu＇s way of writing, outweighed Huang Shu, Sun Jue and Xie Shihou, their poetic practice indeed had its undeniably guiding and enlightening significance on either Huang Tingjian, or the ＂Jiangxi＂ posterities.