车轮滚动及轨道板激励与车辆固有频率匹配分析

Match Analysis of Wheel Rolling and Rail Board Excitation with Vehicle Natural Frequency

为研究车轮滚动及轨道板激励与车辆固有频率匹配关系,首先对某动车车体进行静态台架模态试验,识别车体固有模态参数;然后在某线路上测试车体振动加速度,识别车体在各互功率谱峰值处ODS变形。通过理论计算车轮滚动频率与某高阶变形频率接近,该频率下车体变形为车轮滚动激励所导致;在速度250km/h,轨道板激励频率与车体1阶垂弯频率接近,车体1阶垂弯变形被轨道板激励频率激发,车体能量较大,垂弯振动较为剧烈,车体中部和转向架上方地板振动较大。轨道板激励导致车体强迫共振。

Static modal test on bench has been done for the match analysis of wheel rolling and rail board excitation with vehicle natural frequency, then modal parameters of carbody have been identified. Afterward, vibration acceleration of carbody in a line has been tested and ODS deformation at the peak of each cross-power spectrum has also been obtained. By theoretical calculation, wheel rolling fre- quency is close to the frequency of a higher-order deformation and carbody deformation at this frequency is caused by wheel rolling exci- tation. At the speed of 250 km/b, the orbital plate excitation frequency is close to the first vertical bending frequency of carbody. The first vertical bending deformation has been excited by the orbital plate. Carbody energy is large and vertical bending vibration is intense. Floor vibration in the center of carhody and above the bogie is larger. The orbital plate excitation leads to forced resonance of carbody. This EMU is suitable to run at the speed of 300 km/h, 370 km/h and 385 km/h.